Improved color effects in three-ply ingrain carpets



(Specimens.)

'J. L. POLSOM.

ART 0R METHOD OF PRODUCING IMPROVED COLOR EFFECTS IN THREE-FLY INGRAIN GARPETS.

No. 371,572. Patented O0t.-18, 1887.

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UNITED STATES PATENT FFIQEO JAMES L. FOLSOM, BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO THE HART- FORD CARPET COMPANY, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT.

ART OR METHOD OF PRODUCING iMPROVED COLOR EFFECTS IN THREE-FLY lNE-RAIN CARPETS.

.PECIPICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 371,572, dated October 18, 1887.

Application filed June 30, 1887. Serial No.212,954. (Specime1:s.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, Jnnns L. For-son, of Brooklyn, New York, have invented a certain new and usefulArt or Method of Producing Improved Color Effects in Three-Ply Ingrain Carpeting, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part hereof.

The invention has reference to the fabric known as three-ply ingrain carpeting, and to an art or method of manufacturing such carpeting, whereby improved and novel color and design effects can be produced; and it consists of the art or method herein described and claimed.

Three-ply ingrain carpeting consists of three distinct webs or fabrics, each having its distinct warp and its separate filling thread or threads, the three webs or fabrics being ordinarily interwoven with one another irregularly, according to the requirements of the design or coloring effects to be produced, forming three-ply ingrain carpet, the ingraining or interweaving of the three plies with one another being controlled and accomplished by thejacquard mechanism of the loom.

In the ordinary weaving of a three-ply ingrain carpet the shots are successively of filling-thread for one ply, and then of fillingthread for the second ply, and then of fillingthread for the third ply, and then over again the same sequence, and so on, (and the present invention does not change that order or sequence,) the three webs or fabrics being thus woven side by side and with equal progression, the filling-thread of one ply being ordinarily under or over the two corresponding fillingthreads of the other two pliesthat is, all three filling-threads are substantially in the same vertical plane in the finished fabric, the jacquard determining which of the three shall be over the others and which under, &c.

In the present invention I employ two fillingthreads in each of two of the plies and one filling-thread in the third ply, and I throw the fillingthreads singly and throw them in a definite order or succession in each ply, and throw a single filling-thread from each ply in definite rotation of plies. Thus, assuming that the plain ground-ply has a single black filling-thread, and that the two filling-threads of the middle ply are cinnamon and brown and the two fillingthreads of the figure-ply are blue and white, I throw them in the following order: black, cinnamon, blue, black, brown, white, black, cinnamon, blue, black, brown, white, and so on, the tilling-threads cinnamon and brow n-of the middle ply being thrown alternately in that ply, and so with the filling-threadsblue and whiteofthe figure-ply. A longitudinal section of a portion of the carpeting so woven would show sections of these filling-threads arranged with reference to each other as shown in the diagram, Figure 1, assuming, for the sake ofsimplicity, that on the line of section all the filling-threads of the ground-ply are up, all of the middle ply are at the middle, and all of the figure-ply are down in the three-ply fabric, 1 being a section of a black filling-thread; 2, cinnamon; 3, blue; 4, black; 5, brown; 6, white; 7, black; 8, cinnamon; 9, blue,- 10, black; 11, brown; 12, white, and so on.

Thejacquard lifts the shot of any one of the three plies up to the top of the carpet, the corresponding two shots of the other two plies being at that point at the middle and bottom of the fabric. It is not material to the invention what particular colors of filling-threads are used, so long as the two threads in any one ply are of different shades or colors and both are different from the filling-threads in the other two plies. By thus employing five differently colored or shaded filling-threads in the plies-as, say, one in the ground-ply and two each in the middle and figure plies-- and by throwing single shots of such filling-threads in both the middle and the figure plies in alternate order or succession,I am enabled to secure color and design effects in three-ply ingrain carpeting never heretofore secured, and which are wholly novel, and to combine on the faces of the carpet the different colors of the filling-threads of all three plies in a manner and to an extent heretofore unattainable, the single threads of color producing the effect, not of mass coloring, but of shading, and the possible combinations of single-line coloring and of mass coloring in the ground-ply with it being very great.

The improved process may be practiced by the use of any loom adapted to weave threeply ingraincarpets by providing the proper number of shuttles and shuttle-boxes on the proper shuttle-box frames and mechanism to bring those shuttle-boxes in proper succession into operative position for their shuttles to be acted upon by the picker-sticks. For instance, the change necessary to be made in a threeply ingrain loom in which the path of motion of the picker-stick on either side of the loom is always the same and the shuttle-box frame is moved so as to bring the shuttles, when demiddle ply of the compound fabric.

C is a lever fulcrumed in the frame of the loom at E and carrying the shuttle-box frame G at its end F, where it is pivoted to such frame, and held down at its end L .by the strong spring M, secured to apart of the loomframe N. This lever C is held down at its end L, so that the roller D, mounted on it, is kept always in contact with the cam 13, which is mounted on the camshaft A of the loom.

The shape of the cam, as shown, presents the shuttle-boxes H and K in alternate order or succession to the picker-stick, the position ofwhich is indicated at P, and thereby determines the order of succession of the shots of filling-thread in the ply, say the middle ply, under consideration. Similar mechanism may control the shuttle-frame of the loom carryin g the shuttle-boxes and shuttles that weave the other ply, say the figure-ply,,which has two fillingthreads', as heretofore described, and for the third ply, say the ground-ply, which has one filling-thread, as heretofore described, no change need be made in the existing shuttle-operating driving mechanism of the loom-that is to say, the mechanism above described for shifting the shuttle-boxes of the figure and middle plies up and down, so as to bring the two filling-threads of each such ply alternately int-o operating position in that ply is not necessary in the shuttle'opcrating mechanism of the third or ground ply, although I do not restrict myself to any particular mechanism.

In the operation of weaving, the three plies are woven with equal progression, one shot of filling being thrown successively in each of the three plies, and this succession proceeding regularly throughoutthe weaving ofthefabric.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

The art or method of producing improved color effects in th rec-pl y ingrain carpets, which consists in employing two distinct and differently colored or shaded filling-yarns in each of two of the plies, and a single or solidly colored or shaded filling-yarn for the third ply, and throwing such differently colored or shaded filling-yarns of the first two plies in alternate order or succession in each ply, and throwing a filling-yarn in each of the three plies one after the other in regular succession, substantially as shown and described.

J AS. L. FOLSOM.

\Vitnesses:

EDWIN SEGER, ROBERT N. KENYON. 

